The Legend of Yoshitsune and the Three Heavenly Horses
According to historical tradition, Minamoto no Yoshitsune died by suicide at Koromogawa in Hiraizumi. However, a famous legend tells a different story: Yoshitsune actually survived, escaped north, and eventually crossed the sea to Ezo, present-day Hokkaido.
Minmaya is said to have been one of the important stops on this legendary journey. According to the story, Yoshitsune reached the area while fleeing the forces pursuing him on behalf of his older brother, Minamoto no Yoritomo.
When Yoshitsune stood before the rough waters of the Tsugaru Strait, he is said to have prayed to Kannon, the Bodhisattva of Compassion, for three days and three nights. In response to his prayers, three dragon horses with wings are said to have appeared. Yoshitsune mounted the miraculous horses and successfully crossed the strait.
This dramatic legend is traditionally regarded as the origin of the temple’s mountain name, Ryubazan, which can be interpreted as “Dragon Horse Mountain.”
Gikeiji Temple and the Monk Enku
The origins of Gikeiji are associated with the renowned Buddhist monk and sculptor Enku. In 1667, Enku traveled to this area during his journeys throughout Japan, during which he carved numerous Buddhist statues.
According to temple tradition, Enku noticed something shining on top of a strange coastal rock known as Umayaishi, or “Stable Rock.” Through a spiritual dream, he came to understand that the object was a statue of Kannon connected with the place where Yoshitsune had once prayed.
Enku then carved a new statue of Kannon from driftwood and built a small hall to enshrine it. This is said to have marked the beginning of Gikeiji Temple.
The Enku Buddhist Statue and Its Cultural Value
The Buddhist statue carved by Enku and enshrined at Gikeiji was designated a Aomori Prefecture Important Cultural Property in 1963.
The statue is now regarded as a hidden Buddhist image and is not normally available for direct viewing. However, a wooden printing block containing inscriptions related to Yoshitsune and the origins of the temple has been preserved. Visitors can receive printed reproductions made from this block.
The combination of the Enku tradition and the Yoshitsune legend gives the temple a distinctive atmosphere, attracting visitors interested in Japanese history, Buddhism, and the enduring stories surrounding Yoshitsune.
A Unique Religious Space Where Shinto and Buddhism Coexist
Gikeiji is also the 19th temple of the Tsugaru 33 Kannon Pilgrimage, a traditional pilgrimage route dedicated to Kannon. The temple is notable for its history of Shinbutsu-shugo, the traditional coexistence and blending of Shinto and Buddhist beliefs.
Several religious buildings stand between the temple gate and the main hall, including the Kannon Hall, Benten Hall, Konpira Hall, and Amida Hall. Together, they create a distinctive sacred space reflecting the diverse religious traditions that developed in Japan over the centuries.
Stone Kannon Statues Dedicated by Kitamaebune Sailors
The temple grounds are also home to 33 stone statues of Kannon. They were dedicated by sailors of the Kitamaebune, the merchant ships that once traveled along Japan’s coastal trade routes.
These statues provide a tangible reminder of the area’s maritime history and the dangers faced by sailors traveling through the Tsugaru Strait. Their presence also shows how faith and maritime trade were closely connected in northern Japan.
Panoramic Views of the Tsugaru Strait
From the temple grounds, visitors can enjoy sweeping views of the Tsugaru Strait. On clear days, it may even be possible to see the land of Hokkaido across the water.
The area experiences severe winter weather, with strong winds and heavy snow. From spring through autumn, however, the conditions are generally more suitable for sightseeing and exploring the temple grounds and surrounding attractions.
Explore Gikeiji Alongside Nearby Attractions
Gikeiji is conveniently located near several attractions associated with the history and culture of northern Tsugaru. Nearby highlights include Cape Tappizaki, the Seikan Tunnel Memorial Museum, and monuments commemorating figures such as Osamu Dazai and Yoshida Shoin.
Visiting these sites together creates a deeper understanding of the region’s natural environment, maritime history, literature, and traditional legends.
Discover the Legend and Landscape of Northern Tsugaru
Ryubazan Gikeiji Temple is a fascinating destination where legend, religion, history, and dramatic coastal scenery come together. The story of Yoshitsune’s miraculous escape across the Tsugaru Strait, the tradition of Enku’s Buddhist sculpture, and the stone Kannon statues dedicated by sailors all contribute to the temple’s unique character.
When exploring Cape Tappizaki and the northern tip of the Tsugaru Peninsula, take some time to visit Gikeiji and enjoy the view across the strait. It is a peaceful place to reflect on the legends, beliefs, and maritime history that have shaped this remote corner of northern Japan.